Intermediate Review and Integrated Practice

What you’ll learn

Combine intermediate forms in a coherent account.

បញ្ចូលទម្រង់ intermediate ក្នុងសេចក្ដីរៀបរាប់តែមួយ។

Meaning and use

Use this final review to connect a timeline, a reported message, a condition, and a relative clause. First choose the intended meaning, then select the structure. Check that pronouns refer clearly, actions are ordered, and the conditional refers to the right time. The answers model one possible wording.

មេរៀនរំលឹកនេះបញ្ចូលកាល សម្ដីរាយការណ៍ លក្ខខណ្ឌ និង relative clause។ ត្រូវសម្រេចន័យជាមុន រួចពិនិត្យទម្រង់ និងពេលវេលាឱ្យត្រូវគ្នា។

Grammar patterns

Pattern	Example or form
Past sequence	By the time we arrived, the workshop had started.
Connected information	The tutor who helped us said that she would email the notes.

Examples

1. I have been studying English for two years.

   ខ្ញុំបានរៀនអង់គ្លេសអស់ពីរឆ្នាំហើយ។

2. The lesson had started when I arrived.

   មេរៀនចាប់ផ្ដើមរួចហើយ ពេលខ្ញុំមកដល់។

3. She asked whether I had completed the exercise.

   នាងសួរថាខ្ញុំបានបញ្ចប់លំហាត់ឬនៅ។

4. If I had more time, I would practise every day.

   បើខ្ញុំមានពេលច្រើនជាងនេះ ខ្ញុំនឹងហាត់រាល់ថ្ងៃ។

Everyday conversation

Dara: Which part should I review next?

Maly: Review the mistakes you can explain least clearly, then rewrite the examples in your own context.

Common mistakes

Instead of	Use	Why
The notes which the tutor sent them were useful.	The notes which the tutor sent were useful.	The relative word already fills the object role.
If I would know, I would tell you.	If I knew, I would tell you.	Use a past form in the ordinary second-conditional if-clause.

Practice

Try these questions before opening the answers. Write or say each answer.

សាកល្បងឆ្លើយសំណួរទាំងនេះជាមុនសិន មុននឹងបើកមើលចម្លើយ។ អ្នកអាចសរសេរ ឬនិយាយចម្លើយរបស់អ្នក។

1. Combine: The bus left at eight. We arrived at eight fifteen. Use past perfect.
2. Report with backshift: Maly said to me, I will send you the notes.
3. Rewrite as an unreal present condition: I do not have a car, so I cannot drive you there.

Answers and explanations

Show answers / បង្ហាញចម្លើយ

1. When we arrived at eight fifteen, the bus had left.

   Past perfect marks the earlier departure.

2. Maly told me that she would send me the notes.

   Tell takes the object; will becomes would; pronouns follow the reporter.

3. If I had a car, I could drive you there.

   Past-form had marks the imagined present condition; could expresses the possible result.

Quick recap

• Past sequence: By the time we arrived, the workshop had started.
• Connected information: The tutor who helped us said that she would email the notes.