Passive Infinitives, Gerunds, and Make

What you’ll learn

Use passive complements in more complex verb patterns.

ប្រើ passive ក្នុង infinitive, gerund និងលំនាំ make។

Meaning and use

A passive infinitive is to be + past participle, and a passive -ing complement is being + past participle. Perfect versions add earlier time. Active make + object + bare infinitive changes to be made + to-infinitive in the passive. Let does not normally form the same passive; use be allowed to.

Passive infinitive គឺ to be + past participle។ Passive gerund គឺ being + past participle។ Make ក្នុង passive ត្រូវមាន to: was made to wait។

Grammar patterns

Pattern	Example or form
Passive complements	wants to be included / dislikes being interrupted
Passive make	They made us wait → We were made to wait.

Examples

1. She hopes to be selected.

   នាងសង្ឃឹមថានឹងត្រូវបានជ្រើសរើស។

2. I dislike being interrupted.

   ខ្ញុំមិនចូលចិត្តត្រូវគេនិយាយកាត់។

3. We were made to wait outside.

   យើងត្រូវបានបង្ខំឱ្យរង់ចាំខាងក្រៅ។

4. They were allowed to leave early.

   ពួកគេត្រូវបានអនុញ្ញាតឱ្យចេញមុន។

Everyday conversation

Dara: Why did you wait outside?

Maly: We were made to wait while the room was checked.

Common mistakes

Instead of	Use	Why
She wants to selected.	She wants to be selected.	The passive infinitive requires be.
We were made wait.	We were made to wait.	Passive make takes a to-infinitive.

Practice

Try these questions before opening the answers. Write or say each answer.

សាកល្បងឆ្លើយសំណួរទាំងនេះជាមុនសិន មុននឹងបើកមើលចម្លើយ។ អ្នកអាចសរសេរ ឬនិយាយចម្លើយរបស់អ្នក។

1. Make passive: They made the students repeat the answer.
2. Complete: He dislikes ___ (criticise) in public. Use passive -ing.
3. Rewrite using allowed: They let us leave.

Answers and explanations

Show answers / បង្ហាញចម្លើយ

1. The students were made to repeat the answer.

   Restore to in the passive pattern.

2. being criticised

   Dislike takes -ing; the subject receives criticism.

3. We were allowed to leave.

   Be allowed to is the normal passive equivalent of this permission meaning.

Quick recap

• Passive complements: wants to be included / dislikes being interrupted
• Passive make: They made us wait → We were made to wait.